Gillick Competence

The end of compulsory school age is defined as the last Friday in June of the school year in which they turn 16, but they must then do one of the following until they’re 18: 

• stay in full-time education
• start an apprenticeship 
• start a traineeship.

Gillick competence is only relevant around decisions made about clinical or medical treatment. Children under the age of 16 can consent to their own treatment if they’re believed to have enough intelligence, competence and understanding to fully appreciate what’s involved in their treatment. This considers:

• the child’s age, maturity and mental capacity
• their understanding of the issue and what it involves - including advantages, disadvantages and potential long-term impact
• their understanding of the risks, implications and consequences that may arise from their decision
• how well they understand any advice or information they have been given
• their understanding of any alternative options, if available
• their ability to explain a rationale around their reasoning and decision making.

This is known as being Gillick competent. If a child or young person under the age of 16 is considered Gillick Competent, they have the right to give consent, or refuse, medical treatment. This means the decision of parents will be overruled unless there are issues about capacity OR there is a safeguarding concern which will then be referred to the appropriate agency. Where a decision can potentially cause death or severe permanent injury the case will be referred to the Court of Protection.